Condylomas (genital warts): HPV infection, vaccination and therapy

Condylomas—also known as genital warts—are benign skin growths in the genital and anal areas caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV). HPV viruses are widespread worldwide: approximately 80% of the population comes into contact with genital HPV types at some point in their lives. Transmission occurs primarily through sexual contact.

What are HPV viruses?

Of the more than 120 known HPV types, about 14 are considered “high-risk” types that may be involved in the development of precancerous lesions or cancer. However, most HPV infections are benign and manifest as warts at the affected site.

HPV viruses can cause cancers in various areas:

• Cervix
• Penis
• Anus
• Throat and larynx
• Oral mucosa (through unprotected oral sex)

Many HPV infections initially cause no symptoms and are therefore often passed on unnoticed.

HPV Vaccination: Effective Protection

The HPV vaccine is one of the most effective preventive measures:

• Reduces the risk of genital warts and certain cancers by up to 90%
• Protects not only the vaccinated individual but also prevents transmission to sexual partners
• Is recommended for girls and boys and is most effective when administered before the first sexual contact

Treatment Options for Genital Warts

Depending on the size, location, and number of genital warts, various treatment methods are available:

Topical Therapy (Local Application)

Medications in the form of creams or solutions are applied directly to the affected areas. The duration of treatment ranges from a few days to several weeks and depends on the progression of the infection.

Important: Cortisone must never be used for genital warts, as it can worsen the infection.

Cryoablation (freezing)

Using a special cryoablation pen, the genital warts are frozen and destroyed directly in the doctor’s office. Multiple sessions are often necessary for complete removal. Thanks to modern technology, this procedure is virtually painless.

Surgical Removal

In cases of extensive infection or tumor-like tissue changes, condylomas can also be surgically removed. Depending on the extent of the condition, multiple procedures may be necessary. The goal is the complete removal of the affected tissue.

Why Is Treatment Important?

Even though genital warts are benign, they should be treated:

• They are highly contagious and can spread further without treatment
• In rare cases, certain HPV types can lead to precancerous lesions
• The risk of recurrence is high — regular check-ups are therefore important

If you notice changes in the genital or anal area, make an appointment at UROMED. Together, we will develop a personalized treatment plan.